Settlement House Workers’ Visits

Public School Visiting Teachers’ Visits

Conducted home visits to successfully build rapport with families

Introduced Froebelian "gifts" and "occupations"

Taught child care and management and the educational value of play

Taught the importance of health and nutrition to reduce infant mortality and to provide social support during medical crises

Alleviated the effects of poverty by mobilizing human resources including children

Provided public amenities (e.g., incinerators, storage containers, toilets, public baths)

Conducted qualitative, ethnographic, participatory action research

Conducted referrals

Interviewed children at school

Scheduled visits to homes, agencies, and other community settings

Decided on the intervention strategy