Settlement House Workers’ Visits

Public School Visiting Teachers’ Visits

Parents valuing play as educational

Families transforming child-rearing practices and neighborhoods (supported by anecdotal evidence)

Families receiving welfare services

Parents becoming local advocates and leaders

Kindergartens becoming part of public schools

Reformation in labor legislation and compulsory education

Establishment of standards (e.g., adequate space, conveniences, privacy, and public baths) and housing reform

Introduction and promotion of safe playgrounds

Correction and prevention of academic failure